OPT in a Tighter U.S. Immigration Climate:

For many international students in the U.S., Optional Practical Training (OPT) is more than just a benefit—it’s a vital bridge from academic life to professional experience. However, in the current immigration climate, with stricter enforcement and tighter regulations, understanding how to stay compliant with OPT rules is more important than ever.

At IMFS, we’re committed to keeping you informed and prepared. This guide outlines the latest developments in OPT policy and shares actionable strategies to help you make the most of your OPT experience—while avoiding costly mistakes.

What is OPT?

OPT allows F-1 international students to work in the U.S. for up to 12 months after graduation in a role directly related to their major. Those in eligible STEM fields can apply for a 24-month STEM OPT extension, giving a total of 36 months of work authorization.

The 90-Day Unemployment Rule: What You Need to Know

If you’re on post-completion OPT:

• You’re allowed a maximum of 90 days of unemployment.
• For those with the 24-month STEM OPT extension, the total unemployment allowance increases to 150 days.

Important: Each day without reported employment in SEVIS (Student and Exchange Visitor Information System) counts as an “unemployed” day. Failure to comply can result in your SEVIS record being terminated, putting your visa status at risk.

OPT Timeline: When Should You Start Applying?

Here’s a simplified breakdown of your OPT timeline:

Graduation/Program End Date on I-20

• Earliest OPT application date: 90 days before your graduation.
• Latest OPT application date: 60 days after program completion.
• Work must begin within 90 days of your OPT start date.

Once employed, you must report your job details to your Designated School Official (DSO) and via the SEVP Portal.

If eligible, apply for your STEM OPT extension before your 12-month OPT ends to avoid gaps in work authorization.

Recent OPT Crackdown: A Wake-Up Call

In May 2025, the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) issued warning notices to several OPT participants for failing to report employment within the required timeframe.

These students risked SEVIS termination and potential deportation proceedings, even in cases of minor administrative errors.

What’s changed? While this 90-day rule has long existed, enforcement is now more aggressive and less forgiving—making proactive compliance critical.

5 Smart Moves to Protect Your OPT Status

1. Report Employment Promptly
As soon as your job starts, update SEVIS with:

• Employer name and address
• Job title
• How the job relates to your field of study

2. Monitor Your Unemployment Days
Keep a personal tracker and don’t rely solely on SEVIS notifications.

3. Use the SEVP Portal
Update your employment data directly and ensure accuracy.

4. Stay Informed
Follow trusted resources like the Study in the States website for OPT policy changes.

5. Communicate with Your DSO
Keep your DSO updated about any employment or address changes, and consult them for clarification when needed.

Final Thoughts

The heightened enforcement of OPT rules isn’t meant to discourage international students—rather, it emphasizes the importance of vigilance and proper planning. With timely reporting and an informed approach, you can stay compliant, avoid penalties, and take full advantage of the professional growth OPT offers.

At IMFS, we guide students through every step of the OPT process. From job search strategies to documentation support, we’re here to help you make the most of your U.S. education.

📞 Need personalized guidance on OPT or STEM OPT?
Visit www.imfs.co.in or contact your IMFS counselor today!